Nuevos análisis computaciones determinan la flexibilidad de la proteína de la espícula (Spike) del SARS-CoV2
Esteban Veiga receives the XIX FERO Grant for his research in Breast Cancer
Un estudio muestra que los modelos tradicionales no pueden predecir con certeza la evolución de una epidemia
- Los modelos epidemiológicos SIR, utilizados habitualmente para conocer el comportamiento de epidemias, solo pueden ofrecer un pronóstico probable y variable
- La imposibilidad de predecir con certeza es una propiedad del proceso de propagación de la epidemia, más allá de la calidad de los datos o de las aproximaciones de los modelos
Un nuevo estudio muestra que los modelos epidemiológicos tradicionales, como los de tipo SIR empleados para pronosticar el comportamiento de epidemias, no pueden predecir con certeza la evolución de una epidemia, ni el pico ni el final, mientras la epidemia está teniendo lugar. “A lo más que podemos aspirar es a obtener predicciones probabilísticas, como las del tiempo, donde se nos informe de con qué probabilidad se puede alcanzar el pico antes de una fecha dada, por ejemplo”, explica la investigadora Susanna Manrubia, del Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), que ha coordinado el estudio, publicado en Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). El trabajo es fruto de la colaboración de los investigadores Susanna Manrubia y Saúl Ares, del CNB-CSIC; José A. Cuesta, de la Universidad Carlos III; y Mario Castro, de la Universidad Pontificia Comillas.
The new CNB Cycle and Junior seminar season start this week
Un estudio del CNB determina que los límites del gen responsable del albinismo OCA1 son clave para regular su expresión
- Un nuevo trabajo de investigación del CNB-CSIC y el CIBERER determina los límites del gen de la tirosinasa de ratón, que le permiten desarrollar su patrón de expresión.
- El trabajo es fruto de la comparación de modelos modificados genéticamente de ratón generados gracias a los avances en técnicas de edición genética como el CRISPR.
El contenido genómico de cada una de nuestras células es idéntico, y sin embargo, las diferentes células del cuerpo presentan morfologías variadas y desarrollan funciones tan distintas como la contracción muscular o la visión. Esto se debe a los diferentes patrones de expresión de los genes en cada tipo celular, una característica fundamental durante el desarrollo de un organismo. Aunque el ADN sea el mismo, existen “interruptores” (los elementos reguladores del genoma no codificante) que definen la organización genómica y tiene una gran influencia en los niveles de expresión de los genes.
Uno de los genes más utilizados como modelo para entender los procesos de “encendido” o “apagado” de un gen es el de la tirosinasa, qué produce la enzima responsable de la biosíntesis de la melanina. Las mutaciones en este gen son las más comunes en el albinismo, una condición genética poco frecuente que produce deficiencias en la visión y que además puede afectar a la pigmentación de la piel, pelo y ojos. Sin embargo, debido a que su deficiencia no tiene otros efectos perjudiciales en el organismo, se ha utilizado desde los años 90 como modelo de estudio de genes de mamíferos en ratones para la realización de experimentos de transgénesis e ingeniería genética que van desde la microinyección de ADN al desarrollo de la técnica CRISPR.
Ahora, un artículo publicado en la revista Scientific Reports por investigadores del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas y el Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) revela la estructura genómica completa del gen de la Tirosinasa (Tyr) y describe sus límites, a derecha e izquierda, en el genoma, que permiten mantener la expresión correcta del gen en los dos tipos celulares de ratón donde se expresa este gen: los melanocitos y el epitelio pigmentado de la retina.
José María Valpuesta, new president of the European Microscopy Society
- José María Valpuesta, professor at the CNB-CSIC has been elected new president of the European Microscopy Society for the next four years.
Valpuesta, head of the Macromolecular Structure Department at the CNB, has developed his research in the study of the molecular structure and function of chaperones, proteins involved in the folding and degradation of other cellular proteins. During these processes, chaperones form transient macromolecular complexes with different cellular proteins, and their composition can be determined through cryoelectron microscopy and image processing analysis, techniques widely used in Valpuesta´s research group. He has contributed with more than 160 research articles, supervised many doctoral theses, organized microscopy workshops and meetings, and participated in evaluations committee for European isntitutions.
In addition to being one of the main promoters of the Bioimagen platform at the CNB, Valpuesta has held other scientific management positions such as director and deputy director at the CNB-CSIC, president of the Spanish Society of Microscopy and has received awards such as the III Bruker award of the Spanish Society of Biophysics and the 1st FEI award of the European Society of Microscopy.
European Microscopy Society (EMS)
The Society, founded in 1998, brings together 25 national European microscopy societies representing more than 6300 researchers across Europe. It aims to promote the use and the quality of advanced microscopy in all its aspects in Europe, with particular reference to developments in instrumentation and methodology and novel applications of all types of microscopy. Although light, electron and scanning-probe microscopy are expected to occupy a large place in the activities of the Society, no form of microscopy is excluded.
Un estudio del CSIC descubre una estrategia terapéutica eficaz frente a bacterias resistentes
- El trabajo se basa en la comprensión de la evolución para diseñar tratamientos frente a bacterias como Pseudomonas aeruginosa, con baja sensibilidad a los antibióticos
- Las infecciones provocadas por bacterias resistentes a múltiples fármacos constituyen una preocupación creciente para la salud humana
Los antibióticos han supuesto uno de los mayores avances para la medicina moderna. De ahí que la resistencia a estos medicamentos sea actualmente una de las principales amenazas para la salud mundial, según la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Este problema es consecuencia de la capacidad de adaptación y evolución de las bacterias patógenas cuando se enfrentan a los antibióticos.
Los científicos del CNB-CSIC Luis Enjuanes y Mariano Esteban, Medalla al Mérito en la Investigación
OPEN CALL: 6th EDITION OF SCIENCE BY WOMEN PROGRAM
The Women for Africa Foundation (FMxA), in line with its mission of contributing to the development of Africa through the drive of its women, is launching the 6th Edition of SCIENCE BY WOMEN programme, with the aim to promote African women’s leadership in scientific research and technology transfer and to foster the capacity of the research centres in their home countries. The main goal is to enable African women researchers and scientists to tackle the great challenges faced by Africa through research in health and biomedicine, sustainable agriculture and food security, water, energy and climate change.
The programme´s ultimate goal is to enable African women researchers to play a leading role in the transition of Africa to a knowledge-based and innovation-led economy through research that can be transferred into products, processes, services and technologies having impact on people´s lives. To achieve this ambitious goal, FMxA collaborates with 19 Spanish Centres of Excellence, whose prestige is unanimously recognized throughout Spain and internationally, thereby ensuring excellence in scientific research in various fields.
Each of these centres will host 1 senior woman researcher with at least 3 years of post-doctoral experience for a six-month fellowship. Applications will be subjected to a rigorous selection process, evaluating the academic merits and leadership of the applicants as well as the scientific quality and expected impact of their research projects. Selected candidates will receive training and integration in a dynamic, multidisciplinary and highly competitive working team, where they will be able to develop their research projects and acquire complementary skills, empowering them to transfer their research results into tangible economic and social benefits.
Deadline for applications is September 30, 2020. EXTENDED UNTIL THE 20th OF OCTOBER
Only applications submitted in English via the Science by Women website will be accepted
El CSIC logra un test de anticuerpos que detecta la inmunidad frente a Covid-19 con más del 98% de fiabilidad
Un equipo de investigadores del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) ha desarrollado nuevos test de anticuerpos que permiten conocer la inmunidad frente a Covid-19 con un 98% de fiabilidad, según estudios realizados en colaboración con los Servicios de Inmunología del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa y del Hospital Universitario de La Paz. Los test serológicos son fundamentales para determinar quién ha contraído el virus y está inmunizado. Los test serán producidos por la empresa española Immunostep, en formato kit ELISA. Se prevé que en el plazo de un mes y medio los hospitales españoles dispongan de estos test de diagnóstico.
El kit ELISA es una de las tecnologías más fiables para los análisis serológicos de la población. Está basado en procedimientos que se realizan habitualmente en hospitales y laboratorios especializados. Permiten determinar la concentración y el tipo de anticuerpos generados durante una infección. La duración de esta prueba es de unas 2 horas y se puede automatizar.
Durante los meses de confinamiento, cuatro grupos de investigación del Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC) han trabajado a marchas forzadas para poner a punto test serológicos que permitan conocer con fiabilidad quién contrajo el coronavirus y por tanto está inmunizado. Este análisis es crucial, puesto que una gran parte de contagiados por Covid-19 cursan la enfermedad sin síntomas o con síntomas muy leves.
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