You are here: Home > Science and Society > News > Identificado el papel del receptor CCR5 en la...
Monday, 15 June 2020 10:14

Identificado el papel del receptor CCR5 en la formación de anticuerpos y memoria inmune tras la vacunación

Imágenes de microscopía electrónica de la formación de nanooligómeros del receptor de las células T (TCR) en células que expresan CCR5 (izquierda), frente a la formación en células deficientes en CCR5 (derecha). Imágenes de microscopía electrónica de la formación de nanooligómeros del receptor de las células T (TCR) en células que expresan CCR5 (izquierda), frente a la formación en células deficientes en CCR5 (derecha). Santos Mañes, CNB-CSIC
  • El receptor de quimioquinas CCR5 participa en la movilidad de leucocitos y también actúa como co-receptor de la infección por VIH
  • Una mutación de CCR5 presente en un 1% de la población española protege de la infección por VIH, pero empeora las infecciones por otros virus como el de la gripe
  • Los nuevos datos indican que individuos con esta modificación pueden tener alterada la respuesta inmune de memoria

El receptor CCR5 contribuye a la movilidad de distintos tipos de leucocitos, incluyendo los linfocitos T CD4+ necesarios para generar respuestas inmunes potentes tanto a nivel celular como en la producción de anticuerpos. Además, CCR5 es un correceptor necesario para la infección por el virus del SIDA. El gen responsable de la producción de CCR5 puede presentar cambios en su secuencia (llamados polimorfismos) que afectan a su función. Este es el caso del polimorfismo conocido como CCR5[delta]32, presente en un 1% de la población española, cuyos portadores son resistentes a la infección por el virus del SIDA (VIH), pero curiosamente presentan con mayor frecuencia complicaciones letales tras la infección por el virus de la gripe y el virus del Nilo occidental.

Investigadores del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas liderados por el investigador Santos Mañes del Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC) han descubierto una nueva función de CCR5 que explicaría por qué el sistema inmune no funciona adecuadamente en individuos con deficiencias en CCR5 que se enfrentan a ciertas infecciones virales o están bajo tratamientos de inmunoterapia. El trabajo, publicado en la revista EMBO Journal, muestra los datos obtenidos en un modelo de vacunación experimental en ratones, pero también en linfocitos CD4+ aislados de individuos ccr5[delta]32.

Raquel Blanco, investigadora del CNB-CSIC explica que “en ratones que carecen de CCR5 se producen menos citoquinas y anticuerpos de alta afinidad en respuesta a una segunda exposición al antígeno, es decir, no tienen una memoria eficiente para la protección a largo plazo”. Para Ana Martín Leal , co-autora de la investigación, esto se debe a que “CCR5 es necesario para que el receptor de las células T (TCR) forme nanooligómeros o nanoclusters, que favorecen la re-activación de los linfocitos CD4+ de memoria a bajas dosis de antígeno”. Además, este mismo fenómeno se observó en linfocitos CD4 aislados de individuos ccr5[delta]32, sugiriendo que sus respuestas de memoria también pueden ser defectuosas.

Estos nuevos datos podrían indicar que las personas portadoras del polimorfismo ccr5[delta]32 o de otros que afectan a CCR5 presentan respuestas inmunes deficientes frente a algunos virus. Asimismo, abren una nueva línea de investigación para determinar si los individuos con polimorfismos de CCR5 generan respuestas de anticuerpos protectores efectivas tras ser vacunados contra virus, como el de la gripe o, en un futuro, el virus causante de COVID-19.

En este trabajo, además de los científicos del CNB-CSIC, han participado investigadores del Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO-CSIC-UAM), del Instituto de Química Avanzada de Cataluña, de la Universidad de Freiburg, de la Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de la Universidad Pontificia Comillas de Madrid, del Hospital de Valme, de los CIBER de enfermedades hepáticas y digestivas (CIBER-EDH) y enfermedades neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), de la Fundació ACE de Barcelona, y de la empresa bioinformática sevillana CAEBI. 

Más información:

CCR5 deficiency impairs CD4+ T cell memory responses and antigenic sensitivity through increased ceramide synthesis. Ana Martín-Leal, Raquel Blanco, Josefina Casas, María E. Sáez, Elena Rodríguez-Bovolenta, Itziar de Rojas, Carina Drechsler, Luis Miguel Real, Gemma Fabrias, Agustín Ruíz, Mario Castro, Wolfgang W.A. Schamel, Balbino Alarcón, Hisse M. van Santen, Santos Mañes. EMBO Journal 2020 e104749

DOI: doi.org/10.15252/embj.2020104749

 

 

back to top

NOTE! This site uses cookies and similar technologies.

If you continue browsing or do not change browser settings, we consider your acepptance for using. Learn more

I understand

COOKIES POLICY

A cookie is a text file that is stored on your computer or mobile device via a web server and only that server will be able to retrieve or read the contents of the cookie and allow the Web site remember browser preferences and navigate efficiently. Cookies make the interaction between the user and the website faster and easier.

General information

This Website uses cookies. Cookies are small text files generated by the web pages you visit, which contain the session data that can be useful later in the website. In this way this Web remembers information about your visit, which can facilitate your next visit and make the website more useful.

How do cookies?

Cookies can only store text, usually always anonymous and encrypted. No personal information is ever stored in a cookie, or can be associated with identified or identifiable person.

The data allow this website to keep your information between the pages, and also to discuss how to interact with the website. Cookies are safe because they can only store information that is put there by the browser, which is information the user entered in the browser or included in the page request. You can not run the code and can not be used to access your computer. If a website encrypts cookie data, only the website can read the information.

What types of cookies used?

The cookies used by this website can be distinguished by the following criteria:

1. Types of cookies as the entity that manages:

Depending on who the entity operating the computer or domain where cookies are sent and treat the data obtained, we can distinguish:

- Own cookies: are those that are sent to the user's terminal equipment from a computer or domain managed by the editor itself and from which provides the service requested by the user.

- Third party cookies: these are those that are sent to the user's terminal equipment from a machine or domain that is not managed by the publisher, but by another entity data is obtained through cookies.

In the event that the cookies are installed from a computer or domain managed by the editor itself but the information collected by these is managed by a third party can not be considered as party cookies.

2. Types of cookies as the length of time that remain active:

Depending on the length of time that remain active in the terminal equipment can be distinguished:

- Session cookies: cookies are a type designed to collect and store data while the user accesses a web page. Are usually used to store information that only worth preserving for the service requested by the user at any one time (eg a list of products purchased).

- Persistent cookies: cookies are a type of data which are stored in the terminal and can be accessed and treated for a period defined by the head of the cookie, and can range from a few minutes to several years.

3. Cookies types according to their purpose:

Depending on the purpose for which the data are processed through cookies, we can distinguish between:

- Technical cookies: these are those that allow the user to navigate through a web page or application platform and the use of different options or services it exist as, for example, control traffic and data communication, identify the session, access to restricted access parts, remember the elements of an order, make the buying process an order, make an application for registration or participation in an event, use security features while browsing store content for dissemination videos or sound or share content via social networks.

- Customization cookies: these are those that allow the user to access the service with some general characteristics based on a predefined set of criteria in the user terminal would eg language, the type of browser through which you access the service, the locale from which you access the service, etc.

- Analysis cookies: they are those that allow the responsible for them, monitoring and analyzing the behavior of users of the web sites that are linked. The information gathered through such cookies are used in measuring the activity of web sites, application or platform and for the profiling of user navigation of such sites, applications and platforms, in order to make improvements function data analysis how users use the service.

Management tool cookies

This Website uses Google Analytics.

Google Analytics is a free tool from Google that primarily allows website owners know how users interact with your website. Also, enable cookies in the domain of the site in which you are and uses a set of cookies called "__utma" and "__utmz" to collect information anonymously and reporting of website trends without identifying individual users..

For statistics of use of this website use cookies in order to know the level of recurrence of our visitors and more interesting content. This way we can concentrate our efforts on improving the most visited areas and make the user more easily find what they are looking for. On this site you can use the information from your visit for statistical evaluations and calculations anonymous data and to ensure the continuity of service or to make improvements to their websites. For more details, see the link below privacy policy [http://www.google.com/intl/en/policies/privacy/]

How to manage cookies on your computer: disabling and deleting cookies

All Internet browsers allow you to limit the behavior of a cookie or disable cookies within settings or browser settings. The steps for doing so are different for each browser, you can find instructions in the help menu of your browser.

If you decline the use of cookies, since it is possible thanks to the preferences menu of your browser or settings, reject, this website will continue to function properly without the use of the same.

Can you allow, block or delete cookies installed on your computer by setting your browser options installed on your computer:

- For more information about Internet Explorer click here.
- For more information on Chrome click here.
- For more information about Safari click here.
- For more information about Firefox click here.

Through your browser, you can also view the cookies that are on your computer, and delete them as you see fit. Cookies are text files, you can open and read the contents. The data within them is almost always encrypted with a numeric key corresponding to an Internet session so often has no meaning beyond the website who wrote it.

Informed consent

The use of this website on the other hand, implies that you paid your specific consent to the use of cookies, on the terms and conditions provided in this Cookies Policy, without prejudice to the measures of deactivation and removal of cookies that you can take, and mentioned in the previous section.